The Nose
Whisky tasting is done principally with the nose – a much more acute organ than the tongue, though the 2 interrelate as the sample is swallowed. While there are only 4 first tastes, there are 32 first smells. These are savoury volatiles, which are noted by a little fleshy bulb called the Olfactory Epithelium, found at the rear of our noses and having a direct link to the brain.
The Tongue
As well as registering the first tastes, the tongue also perceives what’s named ‘mouthfeel ‘ – the viscosity, texture and smoothness of the liquid we are swallowing – and ‘pungency ‘ ( which is basically an analysis of discomfort – from irritation to intolerable – and is also picked up by the nose ). In whisky tasting, pungency is very clear in very robust spirit, which may sting your nose and tongue and prompt insensibility ( transient anaesthesia ). So you have got to be careful when nosing whisky at full strength – i.e. As it comes from the cask.
Flavour
Is a mixture of 3 factors : smell, taste and feeling. Our noses note smells – subtleties of flavour from unpredictable aromatics – and pass this information direct to our brains. Our sense of the smells that surround us are recorded subconsciously, yet smells probably trigger memories more successfully than sounds or sights: they’re the most evocative of experiences. With a little bit of practice you can shortly learn how to break smells down and identify their component parts. Putting names to them is trickier, and should be explored later in this section.
First tastes are registered by tiny sensory receptors on our tongues and palates. These are broadly organized so that sweet flavours are picked up on the end of the tongue, sour and salt flavours by the sides and middle and sour flavours at the rear. The time it requires to excite the different areas of the tongue varies, with the sour receptors taking the longest, so it’s critical when tasting to hold the liquid in the mouth and to ensure it covers the tongue completely.

